Engineering

ENGINEERING

Engineering is the application of science, scientific laws and mathematics.
Engineering is application of knowledge to create useful systems.
The term engineering is derived from Latin ingenium, meaning "cleverness" and ingeniare , meaning "to contrive, devise".

Definition of engineering according to " American Engineer's Council for Professional Development "
"The creative application of scientific principles to design or develop structures, machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes, or works utilizing them singly or in combination; or to construct or operate the same with full cognizance of their design; or to forecast their behavior under specific operating conditions; all as respects an intended function, economics of operation or safety to life and property"

Branches of Engineering

•Mechanical Engineering.

•Electrical Engineering.

•Civil Engineering.

•Instrumentation & Control (IC) Engineering.

•Chemical Engineering.

•Agricultutal Engineering.

•Agricultural information technology.

•Dairy technology.

•Food processing technology.

Graduated attributes for engineers according to NBA

There are 12 attributes for engineers

1.Engineering knowledge:Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialisation for the solution of complex engineering problems.

2.Problem analysis:Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyse complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

3.Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for public health and safety, and cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.

4.Conduct investigations of complex problems:
 The problems: 
• that cannot be solved by straightforward application of knowledge, theories and techniques applicable to the engineering discipline. 
• that may not have a unique solution. For example, a design problem can besolved in many ways and lead to multiple possible solutions. 
• that require consideration of appropriate
constraints/requirements notexplicitly given 
in the problem statement. (like: cost, power requirement,durability, product life, etc.). 
• which need to be defined (modeled) within appropriate mathematicalframework. 

• that often require use of modern computational concepts and tools.
5.Modern tool usage:Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools, including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities, with an understanding of the limitations.
6.The engineer and society:Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal, and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
7.Environment and sustainability:Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
8.Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
9.Individual and team work:Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10.Communication:Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering community and with t h e society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
11.Project management and finance:Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the 
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12.Life-long learning:Recognise the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
Every engineer must have these 12 attributes.